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    English-Russian dictionary of phrases and cliches for a specialist researcher > these reports contradict each other ...

  • 2 руководящий персонал

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > руководящий персонал

  • 3 near cash

    !
    гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.
    The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
    "
    consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
    " "
    the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
    " "
    strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
    "
    the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.
    The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
    "
    the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
    "
    the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.
    Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.
    Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)
    "
    Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
    "
    Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.
    More information about DEL and AME is set out below.
    In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.
    Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.
    Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.
    There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.
    AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.
    AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.
    AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.
    Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.
    Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.
    Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
    "
    Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
    "
    Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
    "
    Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
    "
    The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.
    The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.
    The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.
    Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.
    The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
    "
    provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
    " "
    enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
    " "
    introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
    "
    not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.
    To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.
    A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
    "
    an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
    " "
    an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
    " "
    to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
    "
    further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.
    The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.
    Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.
    The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.
    Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.
    To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.
    This document was updated on 19 December 2005.
    Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    "
    GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
    "
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.
    ————————————————————————————————————————

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash

  • 4 confundir

    v.
    1 to confuse.
    me confundes con tanta información you're confusing me with all that information
    María los confundió sonriendo Mary confused them by smiling.
    Ella confundió las razones She confused the reasons.
    María confundió la razón real Mary confused=muddled the real reason.
    2 to mix up.
    3 to confound.
    4 to scramble, to put in disorder, to confuse, to mess up.
    María confundió los papeles Mary scrambled the papers.
    * * *
    1 (mezclar) to mix up
    2 (equivocar) to confuse ( con, with), mistake ( con, for)
    3 (no reconocer) to mistake ( con, for)
    4 (turbar) to confound, embarrass
    1 (mezclarse) to mingle; (colores, formas) to blend
    2 (equivocarse) to get mixed up, make a mistake
    3 (turbarse) to be confused, be embarrassed
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=equivocar) to confuse

    no confundamos las cosas, por favor — let's not confuse things, please

    • confundir algo/a algn con algo/algn — to get sth/sb mixed up with sth/sb, mistake sth/sb for sth/sb

    la confundí con su hermana gemela — I got her mixed up with her twin sister, I mistook her for her twin sister

    culo 1), velocidad 1)
    2) (=mezclar) [+ papeles] to mix up
    3) (=desconcertar) to confuse

    me confunde con tanta palabrería — he confuses me o gets me confused with all that talk of his, I find all that talk of his confusing

    4) (=turbar) to overwhelm

    me confundía con tantas atenciones — her kindness was overwhelming, I was overwhelmed by all her kindness

    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( por error) <fechas/datos> to confuse, get... mixed o muddled up; < personas> to confuse, mix up

    confundir algo/alguien con algo/a alguien — to mistake something/somebody for something/somebody

    b) ( desconcertar) to confuse
    c) ( turbar) to embarrass
    2.
    confundirse v pron

    confundirse de algo: me confundí de calle/casa — I got the wrong street/house

    b) (mezclarse, fundirse)
    * * *
    = confound, puzzle, baffle, perplex, cloud, muddle, obfuscate, snarl up, nonplus, obnubilate.
    Ex. To treat these reports differently only because some are serial and the others are monographic in form is to play havoc with the integrity of the catalog and to confound its users.
    Ex. The repetition of the author's name introduces new esoteric punctuation which is bound to puzzle the catalog user.
    Ex. As the domain expands, the problem of rule formalisation may even baffle a human expert.
    Ex. If when you are working you come across a problem which perplexes you, you should write to someone in the field who may be able to help you.
    Ex. Whilst library schools should continue to concentrate upon traditional priorities and the obsession with machines and techniques should not cloud those priorities.
    Ex. But even when valid averages and unit costs are examined, Simpson's Paradox can arise to muddle expectations.
    Ex. Just because the facts don't support his views, he threatens, slanders, lies, obfuscates and charges 'lies, hypocrisy and cruelty'.
    Ex. If all goes as usual, it will snow approximately one inch and completely snarl up traffic until melted.
    Ex. The spectacle in front of Bertie was enough to nonplus anyone -- Gussie in scarlet tights and a pretty frightful false beard.
    Ex. Fourniret is a dangerous man obnubilated by the phantasm of virginity.
    ----
    * confundir (con) = confuse (with).
    * confundir las diferencias entre = blur + the boundaries between.
    * confundir la situación = cloud + the view, cloud + the picture.
    * confundir la velocidad con el tocino = one thing + have + nothing to do with the other.
    * confundir los límites entre = blur + the boundaries between.
    * confundir los medios con el fin = confuse + the means with the ends.
    * confundir los papeles = blur + roles.
    * confundir + Nombre + por + Nombre = mistake + Nombre + for + Nombre.
    * para confundir aun más las cosas = to add to the confusion.
    * que confunde = confounding.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( por error) <fechas/datos> to confuse, get... mixed o muddled up; < personas> to confuse, mix up

    confundir algo/alguien con algo/a alguien — to mistake something/somebody for something/somebody

    b) ( desconcertar) to confuse
    c) ( turbar) to embarrass
    2.
    confundirse v pron

    confundirse de algo: me confundí de calle/casa — I got the wrong street/house

    b) (mezclarse, fundirse)
    * * *
    confundir (con)

    Ex: The genus/species relationship must not be confused with other types of relationship such as those between a thing and its properties or between a thing and an operation.

    = confound, puzzle, baffle, perplex, cloud, muddle, obfuscate, snarl up, nonplus, obnubilate.

    Ex: To treat these reports differently only because some are serial and the others are monographic in form is to play havoc with the integrity of the catalog and to confound its users.

    Ex: The repetition of the author's name introduces new esoteric punctuation which is bound to puzzle the catalog user.
    Ex: As the domain expands, the problem of rule formalisation may even baffle a human expert.
    Ex: If when you are working you come across a problem which perplexes you, you should write to someone in the field who may be able to help you.
    Ex: Whilst library schools should continue to concentrate upon traditional priorities and the obsession with machines and techniques should not cloud those priorities.
    Ex: But even when valid averages and unit costs are examined, Simpson's Paradox can arise to muddle expectations.
    Ex: Just because the facts don't support his views, he threatens, slanders, lies, obfuscates and charges 'lies, hypocrisy and cruelty'.
    Ex: If all goes as usual, it will snow approximately one inch and completely snarl up traffic until melted.
    Ex: The spectacle in front of Bertie was enough to nonplus anyone -- Gussie in scarlet tights and a pretty frightful false beard.
    Ex: Fourniret is a dangerous man obnubilated by the phantasm of virginity.
    * confundir (con) = confuse (with).
    * confundir las diferencias entre = blur + the boundaries between.
    * confundir la situación = cloud + the view, cloud + the picture.
    * confundir la velocidad con el tocino = one thing + have + nothing to do with the other.
    * confundir los límites entre = blur + the boundaries between.
    * confundir los medios con el fin = confuse + the means with the ends.
    * confundir los papeles = blur + roles.
    * confundir + Nombre + por + Nombre = mistake + Nombre + for + Nombre.
    * para confundir aun más las cosas = to add to the confusion.
    * que confunde = confounding.

    * * *
    confundir [I1 ]
    vt
    1 (por error) ‹fechas/datos› to confuse, get … mixed o muddled up; ‹personas› to confuse, mix up
    nos confunden la voz por teléfono people get our voices mixed up o confused on the phone
    no confundas los dos términos don't confuse the two terms
    confundir algo CON algo to mistake sth FOR sth
    confundió el pimentón dulce con el picante she mistook the sweet paprika for the hot
    confundir a algn CON algn to mistake sb FOR sb
    la gente siempre me confunde con mi hermano gemelo people always take o mistake me for my twin brother
    creo que me confunde con otra persona I think you are getting me mixed up o confused with somebody else
    2 (desconcertar) to confuse
    no confundas al pobre chico con tantos detalles don't confuse the poor boy with so many details
    tantas cifras confunden a cualquiera all these numbers are enough to confuse anyone
    el interés que demuestra por ella me confunde I'm baffled by his interest in her
    3 (turbar) to embarrass
    se sintió confundida por tanta amabilidad she was embarrassed o overwhelmed by so much kindness
    1
    (equivocarse): siempre se confunde en las cuentas he always makes mistakes in the accounts o gets the accounts wrong
    confundirse DE algo:
    me confundí de calle/casa I got the wrong street/house
    se ha confundido de número you have o you've got the wrong number
    2
    (mezclarse, fundirse): se confundió entre la multitud he melted into o disappeared into the crowd
    una gran variedad de colores se confunden en el cuadro the painting is a fusion of many different colors, many different colors are blended together in the painting
    unos policías de civil se confundían con la multitud plainclothes police mingled with the crowd
    se confundieron en un apretado abrazo ( liter); they melted into a close embrace ( liter)
    * * *

     

    confundir ( conjugate confundir) verbo transitivo
    a) ( por error) ‹fechas/datos› to confuse, get … mixed o muddled up;

    ‹ personas› to confuse, mix up;
    confundir algo/a algn con algo/algn to mistake sth/sb for sth/sb;



    confundirse verbo pronominal
    a) ( equivocarse) to make mistakes/a mistake;



    confundir verbo transitivo
    1 to confuse [con, with]: lo confundo con tu hermano, I am confusing him with your brother
    2 (embarullar a alguien) to mislead
    3 (turbar) to confound
    ' confundir' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    equivocar
    - trastocar
    - turbar
    - atolondrar
    - despistar
    - embrollar
    - enrollar
    - liar
    - marear
    English:
    advise
    - alone
    - confound
    - confuse
    - everyday
    - let
    - mistake
    - mix up
    - practice
    - practise
    - stump
    - fox
    - mix
    - muddle
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [trastocar]
    confundir una cosa con otra to mistake one thing for another;
    confundir dos cosas to get two things mixed up;
    siempre lo confundo con su hermano gemelo I always mistake him for his twin brother;
    creo que me está confundiendo con otro I think you're confusing me with someone else;
    Fam Hum
    confundir la velocidad con el tocino to mix up two completely different things
    2. [desconcertar] to confuse;
    me confundes con tanta información you're confusing me with all that information
    3. [mezclar] to mix up
    4. [abrumar] to overwhelm;
    tanta simpatía me confunde I'm overwhelmed by all this friendliness, all this friendliness is overwhelming
    * * *
    v/t
    1 confuse
    2 ( equivocar) mistake ( con for)
    * * *
    : to confuse, to mix up
    * * *
    1. (mezclar) to get mixed up
    2. (equivocar) to mix up / to mistake
    siempre me confunden con mi hermano people are always mixing me up with my brother / people always mistake me for my brother
    3. (dejar perplejo) to confuse

    Spanish-English dictionary > confundir

  • 5 reputación

    f.
    reputation, fame, name, renown.
    * * *
    1 reputation
    * * *
    noun f.
    reputation, name
    * * *
    * * *
    femenino reputation
    * * *
    = image, reputation, standing, repute, cred, street cred, street credibility.
    Ex. As she tried to figure out how to change her and the library's image, she made some interesting observations.
    Ex. Various publishers have reputations for specific styles, subject areas or works for specific audiences.
    Ex. Their sheer institutional standing and regard have had a bearing upon the creation of a situation which is a good deal better than it might otherwise have been.
    Ex. In view of the fact that many of these reports are written by academic specialists, often of international repute, it is not surprising that they constitute a valuable source of information for the academic community.
    Ex. That may be true, but then you have to get people to your site, which you won't do without cred.
    Ex. Barack Hussein Obama has lost a lot of street cred with the country as of late, but maybe not in his world.
    Ex. These robbers carry out their vicious attacks for 'kicks' and street credibility rather than cash, a chilling study reveals.
    ----
    * buena reputación = well respected, good repute, good reputation.
    * con buena reputación = respected, reputable.
    * con dudosa reputación = disreputable.
    * con mala reputación = disreputable.
    * de buena reputación = of good repute.
    * de mala reputación = of bad repute, notorious.
    * deshonrar la reputación = besmirch + reputation.
    * ganarse una reputación = achieve + reputation, secure + reputation.
    * mala reputación = ill-repute, bad repute, bad reputation, ill reputation.
    * quitarse una mala reputación = clean up + bad reputation.
    * reputación + extenderse = reputation + spread.
    * salvaguardar la reputación = save + Posesivo + reputation.
    * tener la reputación de ser = be well known for.
    * * *
    femenino reputation
    * * *
    = image, reputation, standing, repute, cred, street cred, street credibility.

    Ex: As she tried to figure out how to change her and the library's image, she made some interesting observations.

    Ex: Various publishers have reputations for specific styles, subject areas or works for specific audiences.
    Ex: Their sheer institutional standing and regard have had a bearing upon the creation of a situation which is a good deal better than it might otherwise have been.
    Ex: In view of the fact that many of these reports are written by academic specialists, often of international repute, it is not surprising that they constitute a valuable source of information for the academic community.
    Ex: That may be true, but then you have to get people to your site, which you won't do without cred.
    Ex: Barack Hussein Obama has lost a lot of street cred with the country as of late, but maybe not in his world.
    Ex: These robbers carry out their vicious attacks for 'kicks' and street credibility rather than cash, a chilling study reveals.
    * buena reputación = well respected, good repute, good reputation.
    * con buena reputación = respected, reputable.
    * con dudosa reputación = disreputable.
    * con mala reputación = disreputable.
    * de buena reputación = of good repute.
    * de mala reputación = of bad repute, notorious.
    * deshonrar la reputación = besmirch + reputation.
    * ganarse una reputación = achieve + reputation, secure + reputation.
    * mala reputación = ill-repute, bad repute, bad reputation, ill reputation.
    * quitarse una mala reputación = clean up + bad reputation.
    * reputación + extenderse = reputation + spread.
    * salvaguardar la reputación = save + Posesivo + reputation.
    * tener la reputación de ser = be well known for.

    * * *
    reputation
    tener buena/mala reputación to have a good/bad reputation
    le dañó la reputación it damaged his reputation
    tienes reputación de buen mecánico you have a reputation as a good mechanic
    * * *

    reputación sustantivo femenino
    reputation;

    reputación sustantivo femenino reputation

    ' reputación' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    empañar
    - empañarse
    - ensuciar
    - hipotecar
    - menoscabar
    - tacha
    - crear
    - destruir
    - fama
    - jugar
    - mancha
    - manchar
    - menguar
    - reivindicar
    English:
    blemish
    - blob
    - build up
    - damage
    - destroy
    - disreputable
    - guard
    - injure
    - injury
    - make
    - name
    - redeem
    - reputation
    - repute
    - spotless
    - stain
    - stained
    - taint
    - tainted
    - tatters
    - undamaged
    - untarnished
    - involve
    - live
    * * *
    reputation;
    un cirujano de muy buena reputación a surgeon with a very good reputation;
    tiene muy mala reputación he has a very bad reputation;
    tiene reputación de ser un hábil negociador he has a reputation for being a skilful negotiator
    * * *
    f reputation;
    de buena reputación with a good reputation;
    tener buena/mala reputación have a good/bad reputation
    * * *
    reputación nf, pl - ciones : reputation
    * * *
    reputación n reputation

    Spanish-English dictionary > reputación

  • 6 prestigio

    m.
    prestige.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: prestigiar.
    * * *
    1 prestige
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=fama) prestige
    2) (=ensalmo) spell, magic spell
    3) (=truco) trick
    * * *
    masculino prestige
    * * *
    = stature, authoritativeness, prestige, repute, eminence, kudos, standing.
    Ex. Merely having the materials available will not provide the desired boost to the library's stature unless the collection is exceptional.
    Ex. Abstractors recognized as authorities in the field also increase the authoritativeness of abstracts.
    Ex. The prestige of working for a world-renowned abstracting organization and of having one's name carried in its publications is also motivating.
    Ex. In view of the fact that many of these reports are written by academic specialists, often of international repute, it is not surprising that they constitute a valuable source of information for the academic community.
    Ex. The method is applied to assess the eminence of scientific journals.
    Ex. Authors who succeed in this category are people who do not worry too much about the lack of literary kudos, but who can write, and seem to enjoy writing, fairly simple stories for a wide audience whose pure enjoyment of the books is sufficient.
    Ex. Their sheer institutional standing and regard have had a bearing upon the creation of a situation which is a good deal better than it might otherwise have been.
    ----
    * crearse el prestigio de ser = establish + a record as.
    * dar prestigio = lend + authoritativeness.
    * de prestigio internacional = of international renown.
    * de prestigio mundial = world-class.
    * de reconocido prestigio = of good standing, highly acclaimed.
    * ganar prestigio = gain in + ascendancy.
    * perder prestigio = lose + face.
    * recuperar el prestigio = regain + Posesivo + prestige.
    * ser un símbolo de prestigio = attach + prestige value.
    * * *
    masculino prestige
    * * *
    = stature, authoritativeness, prestige, repute, eminence, kudos, standing.

    Ex: Merely having the materials available will not provide the desired boost to the library's stature unless the collection is exceptional.

    Ex: Abstractors recognized as authorities in the field also increase the authoritativeness of abstracts.
    Ex: The prestige of working for a world-renowned abstracting organization and of having one's name carried in its publications is also motivating.
    Ex: In view of the fact that many of these reports are written by academic specialists, often of international repute, it is not surprising that they constitute a valuable source of information for the academic community.
    Ex: The method is applied to assess the eminence of scientific journals.
    Ex: Authors who succeed in this category are people who do not worry too much about the lack of literary kudos, but who can write, and seem to enjoy writing, fairly simple stories for a wide audience whose pure enjoyment of the books is sufficient.
    Ex: Their sheer institutional standing and regard have had a bearing upon the creation of a situation which is a good deal better than it might otherwise have been.
    * crearse el prestigio de ser = establish + a record as.
    * dar prestigio = lend + authoritativeness.
    * de prestigio internacional = of international renown.
    * de prestigio mundial = world-class.
    * de reconocido prestigio = of good standing, highly acclaimed.
    * ganar prestigio = gain in + ascendancy.
    * perder prestigio = lose + face.
    * recuperar el prestigio = regain + Posesivo + prestige.
    * ser un símbolo de prestigio = attach + prestige value.

    * * *
    prestige
    una marca/joyería de prestigio a prestigious make/jeweler's
    goza de gran prestigio en este país she enjoys great prestige in this country
    ese colegio tiene mucho prestigio that school has a great deal of prestige, that is an extremely prestigious school
    * * *

    Del verbo prestigiar: ( conjugate prestigiar)

    prestigio es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    prestigió es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    prestigio sustantivo masculino
    prestige;

    prestigio sustantivo masculino prestige

    ' prestigio' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    categoría
    - crédito
    - empañar
    - afianzar
    - conferir
    - crear
    - decaer
    - desprestigio
    English:
    enhance
    - face
    - Ivy League
    - prestige
    - standing
    - status
    - status symbol
    - established
    - QC
    * * *
    prestige;
    una tienda de prestigio a prestigious store;
    un cirujano de prestigio internacional a surgeon of international renown;
    una voz que goza de mucho prestigio entre los intelectuales a figure who enjoys great prestige among intellectuals
    * * *
    m prestige;
    de prestigio prestigious;
    de prestigio mundial respected worldwide
    * * *
    : prestige
    ♦ prestigioso, -sa adj
    * * *
    prestigio n prestige

    Spanish-English dictionary > prestigio

  • 7 wisdom

    noun Wisdom comes with experience.) sabiduría
    wisdom n sabiduría
    tr['wɪzdəm]
    1 (knowledge) sabiduría, saber nombre masculino
    2 (good sense - of person) cordura, (buen) juicio, tino; (- of action) prudencia, sabiduría, sensatez nombre femenino
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    wisdom tooth muela del juicio
    wisdom ['wɪzdəm] n
    1) knowledge: sabiduría f
    2) judgment, sense: sensatez f
    n.
    • cordura s.f.
    • discreción s.f.
    • juicio s.m.
    • madurez s.f.
    • sabiduría s.f.
    • seso s.m.
    'wɪzdəm
    mass noun sabiduría f

    the government, in their wisdom, had ignored these reports — (iro) el gobierno, en su infinita sabiduría, había hecho caso omiso de estos informes (iró)

    ['wɪzdǝm]
    1.

    in my wisdom, I decided to ignore their advice — iro dando muestras de mi gran sabiduría, decidí hacer caso omiso de su consejo

    2.
    CPD

    wisdom tooth N — muela f del juicio

    * * *
    ['wɪzdəm]
    mass noun sabiduría f

    the government, in their wisdom, had ignored these reports — (iro) el gobierno, en su infinita sabiduría, había hecho caso omiso de estos informes (iró)

    English-spanish dictionary > wisdom

  • 8 groundless

    adjective

    these reports etc. are groundless — diese Berichte usw. entbehren jeder Grundlage

    * * *
    adjective (without reason: Your fears are groundless.) grundlos
    * * *
    ground·less
    [ˈgraʊndləs]
    adj worries, fears unbegründet, grundlos
    * * *
    groundless adj (adv groundlessly) grundlos, unbegründet
    * * *
    adjective

    these reports etc. are groundless — diese Berichte usw. entbehren jeder Grundlage

    * * *
    adj.
    grundlos adj.

    English-german dictionary > groundless

  • 9 causar estragos

    v.
    to create chaos, to ravage.
    * * *
    (v.) = wreak + havoc, ravage, run + amok, cause + havoc, create + havoc, play + havoc with
    Ex. I would, nonetheless, like to consider a common type of a change, which normally presents no problem under a manual system, but which could wreak havoc in an automated system.
    Ex. The rigours of the climate and the effects of war and political unrest have ravaged this country's cultural heritage.
    Ex. Term paper fraud runs amok on the Web as dozens of fee and free sites have thousands of term papers available for lazy and unprincipled students.
    Ex. It was found that someone had dumped a load of builders' rubble down a manhole blocking the sewer and causing havoc.
    Ex. Power-hungry politicians are creating havoc everywhere.
    Ex. To treat these reports differently only because some are serial and the others are monographic in form is to play havoc with the integrity of the catalog and to confound its users.
    * * *
    (v.) = wreak + havoc, ravage, run + amok, cause + havoc, create + havoc, play + havoc with

    Ex: I would, nonetheless, like to consider a common type of a change, which normally presents no problem under a manual system, but which could wreak havoc in an automated system.

    Ex: The rigours of the climate and the effects of war and political unrest have ravaged this country's cultural heritage.
    Ex: Term paper fraud runs amok on the Web as dozens of fee and free sites have thousands of term papers available for lazy and unprincipled students.
    Ex: It was found that someone had dumped a load of builders' rubble down a manhole blocking the sewer and causing havoc.
    Ex: Power-hungry politicians are creating havoc everywhere.
    Ex: To treat these reports differently only because some are serial and the others are monographic in form is to play havoc with the integrity of the catalog and to confound its users.

    Spanish-English dictionary > causar estragos

  • 10 hacer estragos en

    (v.) = play + havoc with
    Ex. To treat these reports differently only because some are serial and the others are monographic in form is to play havoc with the integrity of the catalog and to confound its users.
    * * *
    (v.) = play + havoc with

    Ex: To treat these reports differently only because some are serial and the others are monographic in form is to play havoc with the integrity of the catalog and to confound its users.

    Spanish-English dictionary > hacer estragos en

  • 11 irrealidad

    f.
    unreality.
    * * *
    1 unreality
    * * *
    * * *
    Ex. The author expresses personal dissatisfaction with what is seen to be a sense of financial unreality in these reports.
    * * *

    Ex: The author expresses personal dissatisfaction with what is seen to be a sense of financial unreality in these reports.

    * * *
    unreality
    * * *
    unreality

    Spanish-English dictionary > irrealidad

  • 12 provocar estragos en

    (v.) = play + havoc with
    Ex. To treat these reports differently only because some are serial and the others are monographic in form is to play havoc with the integrity of the catalog and to confound its users.
    * * *
    (v.) = play + havoc with

    Ex: To treat these reports differently only because some are serial and the others are monographic in form is to play havoc with the integrity of the catalog and to confound its users.

    Spanish-English dictionary > provocar estragos en

  • 13 Budget Monitoring

    "The Duet end-user application that enables Microsoft Office Outlook users to receive budget reports, alerts, and notifications that are generated in SAP systems in the form of e-mails delivered to Outlook Inbox. Users can then work on these reports from within Outlook."

    English-Arabic terms dictionary > Budget Monitoring

  • 14 file

    I 1. noun
    Feile, die; (nail-file) [Nagel]feile, die
    2. transitive verb
    feilen [Fingernägel]; mit der Feile bearbeiten [Holz, Eisen]
    Phrasal Verbs:
    - academic.ru/87019/file_away">file away
    II 1. noun
    1) (holder) Ordner, der; (box) Kassette, die; [Dokumenten]schachtel, die

    on file — in der Kartei/in od. bei den Akten

    put something on file — etwas in die Akten/Kartei aufnehmen

    2) (set of papers) Ablage, die; (as cards) Kartei, die

    open/keep a file on somebody/something — eine Akte über jemanden/etwas anlegen/führen

    2. transitive verb
    1) (place in a file) [in die Kartei] einordnen/[in die Akten] aufnehmen; ablegen (Bürow.)
    2) (submit) einreichen [Antrag]
    3) [Journalist:] einsenden [Bericht]
    Phrasal Verbs:
    III 1. noun
    Reihe, die

    [in] single or Indian file — [im] Gänsemarsch

    2. intransitive verb
    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    I 1. noun
    (a line of soldiers etc walking one behind the other.) die Reihe
    2. verb
    (to walk in a file: They filed across the road.) hintereinander marschieren
    II 1. noun
    1) (a folder, loose-leaf book etc to hold papers.) der Aktenordner
    2) (a collection of papers on a particular subject (kept in such a folder).) die Akte
    3) (in computing, a collection of data stored eg on a disc.) die Reihe
    2. verb
    1) (to put (papers etc) in a file: He filed the letter under P.) abheften
    2) (to bring (a suit) before a law court: to file (a suit) for divorce.) einreichen
    •
    - filename
    - filing cabinet III 1. noun
    (a steel tool with a rough surface for smoothing or rubbing away wood, metal etc.) die Feile
    2. verb
    (to cut or smooth with a file: She filed her nails.) feilen
    * * *
    file1
    [faɪl]
    I. n
    1. (folder) [Akten]hefter m; (hardback with a spine) [Akten]ordner m; (loose-leaf) [Akten]mappe f
    box \file kastenförmiger Aktenordner
    you'll find it in the \files under C das muss in den Akten unter C sein
    2. (information, database) Akte f (on über + akk)
    the Reg Jones \file die Akte Reg Jones
    to place sth on \file etw zu den Akten nehmen
    to keep a \file on sb/sth eine Akte über jdn/etw führen
    to open [or start] a \file eine Akte anlegen
    ▪ \files pl Unterlagen pl, Akten pl
    your report will be put into our \files wir werden ihren Bericht zu unseren Akten nehmen
    to be in [or on] sb's \file in jds Akten [o Unterlagen] sein
    4. COMPUT Datei f
    to copy/delete/save a \file eine Datei kopieren/löschen/speichern
    5.
    ▶ to keep sth on \file etw aufbewahren
    II. n modifier
    \file copy Aktenkopie f
    III. vt
    1. (put in folder)
    ▪ to \file sth etw ablegen; (not loose also) etw abheften
    we \file these reports under country of origin wir ordnen diese Berichte unter dem Ursprungsland ein
    these scripts are \filed according to the author's last name diese Texte werden nach dem Nachnamen des Autors archiviert
    to \file a bid ein Angebot abgeben
    to \file a claim for sth einen Anspruch auf etw akk erheben
    claims were \filed for enormous damages against tobacco companies die Zigarettenindustrie wurde mit enormen Schadenersatzforderungen konfrontiert
    to \file a petition einen Antrag stellen
    to \file a petition in bankruptcy (one's own) Konkurs anmelden; (sb else's) Konkurs beantragen
    to \file a protest Einspruch einlegen
    to \file a suit against sb/sth eine Klage gegen jdn/etw einreichen
    to \file a tax return eine Steuererklärung abgeben
    to \file a copy/report/story ein Manuskript/einen Bericht/eine Geschichte einsenden
    IV. vi LAW
    ▪ to \file for sth auf etw akk klagen
    to \file for bankruptcy einen Konkursantrag stellen, Konkurs anmelden
    to \file for divorce die Scheidung beantragen
    file2
    [faɪl]
    I. n
    1. (line) Reihe f
    a \file of children eine Reihe Kinder
    in \file in Reih und Glied
    in single \file im Gänsemarsch
    to stand in single \file in Reihe stehen
    2. + sing/pl vb MIL Abteilung f
    3. CHESS Reihe f
    II. vi
    ▪ to \file into sth nacheinander in etw akk [herein]kommen
    the guests \filed out of the hall ein Gast nach dem anderen verließ den Saal
    hundreds of tourists \filed past the monument Hunderte von Touristen defilierten an dem Denkmal vorbei
    the visitors \filed through the entrance to the ticket offices die Besucherschlange reichte durch den Eingang bis zum Kartenschalter
    file3
    [faɪl]
    I. n (tool) Feile f
    II. vt (smooth)
    ▪ to \file sth etw feilen
    to \file one's nails sich dat die Nägel feilen
    ▪ to \file sth down etw abfeilen
    * * *
    I [faɪl]
    1. n
    (= tool) Feile f
    2. vt
    feilen

    to file one's ( finger)nails — sich (dat) die Fingernägel feilen

    II
    1. n
    1) (= holder) (Akten)hefter m, Aktenordner m; (for card index) Karteikasten m

    would you fetch it from the files — könnten Sie es bitte aus der Ablage holen

    2) (= documents, information) Akte f (on sb über jdn, on sth zu etw)

    on file — aktenkundig, bei den Akten

    to open or start a file on sb/sth —

    to have/keep a file on sb/sth — eine Akte über jdn/zu etw haben/führen

    to keep sb/sth on file — jds Unterlagen/die Unterlagen über etw (acc) zurückbehalten

    to close the file on sb/sth — jds Akte/die Akte zu einer Sache schließen

    3) (COMPUT) Datei f, File nt

    to have sth on file — etw im Computer gespeichert haben

    to activate/insert a file — eine Datei aufrufen/einfügen

    to attach a file — eine Datei ( als Attachment) anhängen

    4) (TV) Archivbilder pl
    2. vt
    1) (= put in file) letters ablegen, abheften; (COMPUT) text abspeichern

    it's filed under "B" — das ist unter "B" abgelegt

    2) (PRESS) report einsenden
    3) (JUR) complaint einreichen, erheben; (law)suit anstrengen
    3. vi

    to file for custody (of the children) — das Sorgerecht (für die Kinder) beantragen

    III
    1. n
    (= row) Reihe f

    in Indian or single file — im Gänsemarsch; (Mil) in Reihe

    See:
    → rank
    2. vi

    the procession filed under the archway —

    * * *
    file1 [faıl]
    A s
    1. (Akten-, Brief-, Dokumenten) Ordner m, Karteikasten m
    2. a) Akte(nstück) f(n):
    keep ( oder have) a file on Kartei oder eine Akte führen über (akk)
    b) Akten(bündel) pl(n), -stoß m
    c) Akten pl, Ablage f, abgelegte Briefe pl oder Dokumente pl:
    be on file bei den Akten sein oder liegen;
    place ( oder put) on file → B 1
    3. COMPUT Datei f
    4. Aufreihfaden m, -draht m
    5. Reihe f: → Indian file, single file
    6. MIL Rotte f
    7. Reihe f (Personen oder Sachen hintereinander)
    8. Liste f, Verzeichnis n
    B v/t
    1. a) auch file away Briefe etc ablegen, (ein)ordnen, ab-, einheften, zu den Akten nehmen:
    “to be filed” „zu den Akten!“
    b) IT Daten abspeichern
    2. file off (in einer Reihe ab)marschieren lassen
    3. einen Antrag etc einreichen, eine Forderung anmelden, Berufung einlegen: → action 12, application 6, 8, suit A 4
    C v/i in einer Reihe oder hintereinander (hinein-, hinaus- etc) marschieren:
    file in (out);
    file past vorbeidefilieren (an dat)
    file2 [faıl]
    A s
    1. TECH Feile f
    2. Br sl schlauer Fuchs, geriebener Kerl
    B v/t
    1. TECH (zu-, be)feilen:
    file one’s fingernails sich die Fingernägel feilen;
    file away ( oder down) abfeilen
    2. fig seinen Stil etc (zurecht)feilen
    * * *
    I 1. noun
    Feile, die; (nail-file) [Nagel]feile, die
    2. transitive verb
    feilen [Fingernägel]; mit der Feile bearbeiten [Holz, Eisen]
    Phrasal Verbs:
    II 1. noun
    1) (holder) Ordner, der; (box) Kassette, die; [Dokumenten]schachtel, die

    on file — in der Kartei/in od. bei den Akten

    put something on file — etwas in die Akten/Kartei aufnehmen

    2) (set of papers) Ablage, die; (as cards) Kartei, die

    open/keep a file on somebody/something — eine Akte über jemanden/etwas anlegen/führen

    2. transitive verb
    1) (place in a file) [in die Kartei] einordnen/[in die Akten] aufnehmen; ablegen (Bürow.)
    2) (submit) einreichen [Antrag]
    3) [Journalist:] einsenden [Bericht]
    Phrasal Verbs:
    III 1. noun
    Reihe, die

    [in] single or Indian file — [im] Gänsemarsch

    2. intransitive verb
    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    (dossier) in circulation n.
    Umlaufmappe f. (computers) n.
    Datei -n f. n.
    Akte -n f.
    Briefordner m.
    Feile -n f.
    File -s n.
    Kartei -en f.
    Mappe -n (Akte) f.
    Ordner - m.
    Reihe -n f. (to archive) v.
    ordnen v. (metalwork) v.
    feilen v. v.
    ablegen (Briefe usw.) v.

    English-german dictionary > file

  • 15 unsubstantiated

    un·sub·stan·ti·at·ed
    [ˌʌnsəbˈstæn(t)ʃieɪtid, AM -t̬ɪd]
    adj inv unbegründet
    these claims/rumours are entirely \unsubstantiated diese Behauptungen/Gerüchte entbehren jeder Grundlage
    * * *
    ["ʌnsəb'stnʃIeItɪd]
    adj
    accusation, testimony, rumour unbegründet; gossip unbestätigt

    his claim was unsubstantiated by any evidence — seine Behauptung wurde durch keinerlei Indizien erhärtet

    * * *
    1. nicht erhärtet
    2. unbegründet

    English-german dictionary > unsubstantiated

  • 16 file

    1. file [faɪl] n
    1) ( folder) [Akten]hefter m; ( hardback with a spine) [Akten]ordner m; ( loose-leaf) [Akten]mappe f;
    you'll find it in the \files under C das muss in den Akten unter C sein
    2) (information, database) Akte f (on über +akk);
    the Reg Jones \file die Akte Reg Jones;
    to keep a \file on sb/ sth eine Akte über jdn/etw führen;
    to open [or start] a \file eine Akte anlegen
    3) ( records)
    \files pl Unterlagen fpl, Akten fpl;
    your report will be put into our \files wir werden ihren Bericht zu unseren Akten nehmen;
    to be in [or on] sb's \file in jds Akten [o Unterlagen]; fpl sein
    4) comput Datei f;
    to copy/ delete/save a \file eine Datei kopieren/löschen/speichern
    PHRASES:
    to keep sth on \file etw aufbewahren vt
    to \file sth etw ablegen;
    ( not loose also) etw abheften;
    we \file these reports under country of origin wir ordnen diese Berichte unter dem Ursprungsland ein;
    these scripts are \filed according to the author's last name diese Texte werden nach dem Nachnamen des Autors archiviert
    2) ( submit)
    to \file a bid ein Angebot abgeben;
    to \file a claim for sth einen Anspruch auf etw akk erheben;
    claims were \filed for enormous damages against tobacco companies die Zigarettenindustrie wurde mit enormen Schadenersatzforderungen konfrontiert;
    to \file a petition einen Antrag stellen;
    to \file a protest Einspruch einlegen;
    to \file a suit against sb/ sth eine Klage gegen jdn/etw einreichen;
    to \file a tax return eine Steuererklärung abgeben
    to \file a copy/ report/ story ein Manuskript/einen Bericht/eine Geschichte einsenden vi law
    to \file for sth auf etw akk klagen;
    to \file for bankruptcy einen Konkursantrag stellen, Konkurs anmelden;
    to \file for divorce die Scheidung beantragen
    2. file [faɪl] n
    1) ( line) Reihe f;
    a \file of children eine Reihe Kinder;
    in \file in Reih und Glied;
    in single \file im Gänsemarsch;
    to stand in single \file in Reihe stehen
    2) + sing/ pl vb mil Abteilung f
    3) chess Reihe f vi
    to \file into sth nacheinander in etw akk [herein]kommen;
    hundreds of tourists \filed past the monument Hunderte von Touristen defilierten an dem Denkmal vorbei;
    the visitors \filed through the entrance to the ticket offices die Besucherschlange reichte durch den Eingang bis zum Kartenschalter
    3. file [faɪl] n
    ( tool) Feile f vt ( smooth)
    to \file sth etw feilen;
    to \file one's nails sich dat die Nägel feilen;
    to \file sth down etw abfeilen

    English-German students dictionary > file

  • 17 характеризовать как

    характеризовать как — characterize as these reports characterized the suppressor cells as having Fc receptors

    Русско-английский словарь биологических терминов > характеризовать как

  • 18 granularity

    сущ.
    1) комп. степень детализации [разбиения\] (программы на модули, деятельности на шаги и т. п.)
    2) упр., разг. детальность, подробность

    We need to see these reports with more granularity. — Нужно изучить эти отчеты более подробно.

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > granularity

  • 19 пересмотреть и дополнить

    Пересмотреть и дополнить-- The purpose of this EPRI project was to update/expand upon these reports.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > пересмотреть и дополнить

  • 20 pain

    1. noun
    1) no indef. art. (suffering) Schmerzen; (mental pain) Qualen

    feel [some] pain, be in pain — Schmerzen haben

    cause somebody pain — (lit. or fig.) jemandem wehtun

    2) (instance of suffering) Schmerz, der

    I have a pain in my shoulder/knee/stomach — meine Schulter/mein Knie/Magen tut weh

    be a pain in the neck — see academic.ru/49333/neck">neck 1. 1)

    3) (coll.): (nuisance) Plage, die; (somebody/something getting on one's nerves) Nervensäge, die (ugs.)
    4) in pl. (trouble taken) Mühe, die; Anstrengung, die

    take pains — sich (Dat.) Mühe geben ( over mit, bei)

    be at pains to do something — sich sehr bemühen od. sich (Dat.) große Mühe geben, etwas zu tun

    he got nothing for all his pains — seine ganze Mühe war umsonst

    on or under pain of death — bei Todesstrafe

    2. transitive verb
    * * *
    [pein] 1. noun
    (hurt or suffering of the body or mind: a pain in the chest.) der Schmerz
    2. verb
    (to cause suffering or upset to (someone): It pained her to admit that she was wrong.) schmerzen
    - pained
    - painful
    - painfully
    - painless
    - painlessly
    - painkiller
    - painstaking
    - a pain in the neck
    - take pains
    * * *
    [peɪn]
    I. n
    1. (feeling) Schmerz m
    aches and \pains Gebrechen pl
    a \pain in one's leg/side Schmerzen pl im Bein/in der Seite
    \pains and pleasures Freuden und Leiden
    dull/sharp/stabbing \pain schwacher/heftiger/stechender Schmerz
    to give sb \pain jdm Schmerzen bereiten
    2. no pl (physical suffering) Schmerz[en] m[pl]
    to ease the \pain die Schmerzen lindern
    to be in \pain Schmerzen haben
    are you in \pain? haben Sie Schmerzen?
    to double up in [or be doubled up with] \pain sich akk vor Schmerzen krümmen
    sth gives sb \pain etw tut jdm weh
    3. no pl (mental suffering) Leid nt
    they are still in great \pain over her death sie leiden noch immer sehr unter ihrem Tod
    \pain of loss/parting Trennungs-/Abschiedsschmerz m
    4. (great care)
    ▪ \pains pl Mühe f
    to go to [or take] great \pains to do sth keine Mühe scheuen, etw zu tun
    I went to great \pains to select the best staff available ich habe alles darangesetzt, die besten Leute auszuwählen, die ich bekommen konnte
    ▪ to be at \pains to do sth sich dat [große] Mühe geben, etw zu tun
    5. ( fam: nuisance)
    to be a \pain einem auf die Nerven gehen fam
    it's such a \pain having to go shopping Einkaufen gehen zu müssen finde ich sehr lästig
    that child is a real \pain das Kind ist eine Nervensäge
    6.
    ▶ to be a \pain in the backside [or BRIT, AUS also arse] [or AM also butt [or ass]] (fam!) einem auf den Wecker [o Geist] gehen fam
    writing these reports is a \pain in the arse diese Berichte zu schreiben nervt unglaublich
    will you stop being such a \pain in the butt? willst du vielleicht endlich mal aufhören, mich ständig zu nerven?
    ▶ for sb's \pains zum Dank für jds Mühe
    he tried to help and was told to eff off for his \pains er versuchte zu helfen und zum Dank dafür sagte man ihm, er solle sich verpissen
    ▶ no gain without \pain, no \pain, no gain ohne Fleiß kein Preis
    ▶ to be a \pain in the neck ( fam) einem auf die Nerven gehen fam
    he's a \pain in the neck er ist eine Nervensäge
    ▶ on [or under] \pain of sth unter Androhung einer S. gen
    II. vt
    ▪ it \pains sb to do sth es tut jdm leid, etw zu tun
    * * *
    [peɪn]
    1. n
    1) Schmerz m

    is the pain still there? — hast du noch Schmerzen?

    where is the pain exactly? — wo tut es denn genau weh?

    this will help the pain — das ist gut gegen die Schmerzen

    he screamed in pain —

    stomach/chest pains — Magen-/Brustschmerzen pl

    I felt a pain in my leg — mein Bein tat mir weh, ich hatte Schmerzen im Bein

    2) (mental) Qualen pl

    the pain of parting —

    Werther: a soul in pain — Werther: eine gequälte Seele

    being so totally ignored like that was a source of great pain to her — so vollkommen ignoriert zu werden, war für sie sehr schmerzlich

    no pain, no gain — ohne Fleiß kein Preis (Prov)

    3) pl (= efforts) Mühe f

    to be at (great) pains to do sth — sich (dat) (große) Mühe geben, etw zu tun

    to take pains over sth — sich (dat) Mühe mit etw geben

    to take pains to do sth — sich (dat) Mühe geben, etw zu tun

    great pains have been taken to... — besondere Mühe wurde darauf verwendet...

    she takes great pains with her appearance —

    4)

    (= penalty) on or under pain of death — bei Todesstrafe, bei Strafe des Todes (old), unter Androhung der Todesstrafe

    5) (inf also pain in the neck or arse Brit sl)

    to be a (real) pain — einem auf den Wecker (inf) or Sack (sl) gehen

    this job is getting to be a pain — dieser Job geht mir langsam auf den Wecker (inf) or Sack (sl)

    2. vt
    (mentally) schmerzen

    it pains me to have to tell you this but... — es schmerzt mich, Ihnen dies mitteilen zu müssen, aber...

    * * *
    pain [peın]
    A s
    1. Schmerz(en) m(pl):
    be in (great, constant) pain (große oder starke, ständig) Schmerzen haben;
    I have a pain in my stomach mir tut der Magen weh;
    be a pain in the neck umg eine Nervensäge sein;
    give sb a pain in the neck umg jemandem auf den Wecker gehen;
    be a pain in the arse (US ass) vulg einem auf die Eier gehen
    2. Schmerz m, Leid n, Kummer m:
    give ( oder cause) sb pain jemandem Kummer machen
    3. pl Mühe f, Bemühungen pl:
    be at pains, take pains sich Mühe geben, sich bemühen, sich anstrengen;
    go to ( oder take) great pains große Sorgfalt verwenden ( over auf akk), sich große Mühe geben;
    spare no pains keine Mühe scheuen;
    all he got for his pains der (ganze) Dank (für seine Mühe);
    no pains, no gains (Sprichwort) ohne Fleiß kein Preis
    4. pl MED (Geburts)Wehen pl
    5. Strafe f (obs außer in):
    (up)on ( oder under) pain of unter Androhung von (od gen), bei Strafe von;
    on ( oder under) pain of death bei Todesstrafe
    B v/t
    1. jemanden schmerzen, jemandem Schmerzen bereiten, jemandem wehtun, fig auch jemanden schmerzlich berühren, jemanden peinigen
    2. umg fuchsen, ärgern
    * * *
    1. noun
    1) no indef. art. (suffering) Schmerzen; (mental pain) Qualen

    feel [some] pain, be in pain — Schmerzen haben

    cause somebody pain — (lit. or fig.) jemandem wehtun

    2) (instance of suffering) Schmerz, der

    I have a pain in my shoulder/knee/stomach — meine Schulter/mein Knie/Magen tut weh

    3) (coll.): (nuisance) Plage, die; (somebody/something getting on one's nerves) Nervensäge, die (ugs.)
    4) in pl. (trouble taken) Mühe, die; Anstrengung, die

    take pains — sich (Dat.) Mühe geben ( over mit, bei)

    be at pains to do something — sich sehr bemühen od. sich (Dat.) große Mühe geben, etwas zu tun

    on or under pain of death — bei Todesstrafe

    2. transitive verb
    * * *
    n.
    Pein nur sing. f.
    Qual -en f.
    Schmerz -en m.
    Stich -e (Schmerz) m.

    English-german dictionary > pain

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